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Comparative evaluation of salivary immunoglobulin a levels between pedodontic subjects
Anju Jha1, Rohit Singh2, Sovendu Jha3, Supriya Singh4, Riddhi Chawla5, Akanksha Prakash6
1 Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
2 Department of Prosthodontics Crown Bridge and Implantology, Patna Dental College, Patna, Bihar, India
3 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
4 Oral Medicine and Radiology, Patna, Bihar, India
5 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Penang International Dental College, Malaysia
6 MMR Dental Clinic, Swasthya Vihar, New Delhi, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Rohit Singh
Department of Prosthodontics Crown Bridge and Implantology, Patna Dental College, Patna, Bihar
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_967_19
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Background and Aims: Host immune response is altered by a series of physiologic and pathologic factors like age, gender, inflammation, surgery, medication etc., The present study was conducted to evaluate differences in salivary IgA (S-IgA) levels among pedodontic subjects undergoing active orthodontic treatment with fixed and removable appliance. The levels of S- IgA were determined before 3 months and 6 months post active orthodontic treatment. Methods: A total of 40 healthy pedodontic subjects (aged 8-15 years) were recruited in the present study. They were equally divided into Group A (fixed orthodontic group) and Group B (removable orthodontic group) with 20 subjects each. 1.5 mL of saliva per subject was obtained before 3 and 6 months after treatment. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique was used for measurement of Salivary IgA levels. Results: Group A and B both showed significant rise in S-IgA levels 3 months and 6 months post active orthodontic treatment. Mean value of S-IgA 3 months post treatment in the saliva of children in group B and group A were (144.27 ± 5.32) and (164.0 ± 3.23) μg/ml respectively. While mean value of S-IgA after 6 months of treatment in group B and group A were (149.8 ± 6.02) and (166.4 ± 3.65) μg/ml respectively. Conclusion: Salivary Immunoglobulin A level values were significantly higher statistically in both group A and group B post active orthodontic treatment than before. The results however, showed that Group A (fixed orthodontic group) showed statistically significant higher levels of S-IgA than Group B (removable orthodontic group). Active orthodontic treatment triggered a stronger stimulus for oral secretory immunity, hence the increase in levels were detected. There is a significant positive correlation between S-IgA and active fixed as well as removable orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic treatment is hence a local immunogenic factor.
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